MRTG + net-snmp + network + linux

rocommunity      10.1.1.0/24              cross
# —————–允許誰可存取—— community

[3.] 啟動 SNMP

      如果需要設定網路流量、cpu、ram等MRTG，在mrtg中建立各自的目錄，
      mkdir /var/www/mrtg/net /var/www/mrtg/cpu等等
      也可以考慮mrtg.cfg的"Directory[ ]: dirname"參數
 
[2.] 製作 cfg檔
      cfgmaker –output=/etc/mrtg/mrtg-net.cfg  cross@10.1.1.1

或者
      cfgmaker cross@10.1.1.1 > /etc/mrtg/mrtg-net.cfg

WorkDir: /var/www/mrtg/net/  # mrtg圖檔放置目錄
Option[_]: growright, bits        # 測網路流量的參數
Language: big5                       # 產生的網頁為big5

      或者同時把三台將被偵測的機器寫在同一個設定檔裡
         cfgmaker cross@10.1.1.1 cross@10.1.1.2 cross@10.1.1.3 > mrtg-net.cfg

      或者利用 –global參數，可及時設定該要修改的config，不用再到cfg檔作更改全域設定
         cfgmaker –global "WorkDir: /var/www/mrtg"
                         –global "Options[_]: growright,bits"
                         –global "Language: big5"
                         cross@10.1.1.1
                         > mrtg_net.cfg

       或者針對 domain name，這也有利於浮動的ADSL
         cfgmaker –global "WorkDir: /var/www/mrtg"
                         –global "Options[_]: growright,bits"
                         –global "Language: big5"
                         cross@ws.ssorc.tw
                         > mrtg_net.cfg

       或者分開設定，每個 cross@ip以在它上方的設定為基準
         cfgmaker –global "WorkDir: /var/www/mrtg"
                         –global "Options[_]: growright,bits"
                         –global "Language: big5"
                         –ifdesc=nr
                         cross@10.1.1.1
                         –global "Options[_]: growright"            
                         –ifdesc=ip
                         cross@10.1.1.3
                         > mrtg_net.cfg

      或者 community與 ip分開
         cfgmaker –global "WorkDir: /var/www/mrtg"
                         –global "Options[_]: growright,bits"
                         –global "Language: big5"
                         –community=cross
                         10.1.1.1
                         10.1.1.3
                         > mrtg_net.cfg

       或者用 –dns-domain參數後，cross@後面只要接domainname前面的名稱即可
         cfgmaker –global "WorkDir: /var/www/mrtg"
                         –global "Options[_]: growright,bits"
                         –global "Language: big5"
                         –dns-domain=ssorc.tw
                         –community=cross
                         wn
                         ws
                         > mrtg_net.cfg

[5.] 製作首頁index.html
      indexmaker –output=/var/www/mrtg/net/index.html –title='流量統計' /var/www/mrtg/net/mrtg-net.cfg

      個人習慣
      indexmaker /etc/mrtg/mrtg.cfg-net –sectionhost –section description   –title='SSORC.TW – Network Traffic' > /var/www/mrtg/net/index.html

      或者
      cfgmaker –global "WorkDir: /var/www/mrtg/net" –global "Options[_]: growright, bits" –ifdesc=descr –community=cross localhost 10.1.1.3 10.1.1.1 > /etc/mrtg/mrtg.cfg-net
      indexmaker /etc/mrtg/mrtg.cfg-net   –title='SSORC.TW – Network Traffic' >  /var/www/mrtg/net/index.html

*/5 * * * * root env LANG=C /usr/bin/mrtg /etc/mrtg/mrtg-net.cfg > /dev/null 2>&1

      如果偵測多台主機時，最好寫個script檔來讓它依序執行較好，效率應該會比多個同時mrtg來的好

–ifref=nr                   # interface references by Interface Number (default)
–ifref=ip                    # … by Ip Address
–ifref=eth                   # … by Ethernet Number
–ifref=descr               # … by Interface Description
–ifref=name               #        … by Interface Name
–ifref=type                 # … by Interface Type
–ifdesc=nr                 # interface description uses Interface Number (default)
–ifdesc=ip                  # … uses Ip Address
–ifdesc=eth                  # … uses Ethernet Number
–ifdesc=descr              # … uses Interface Description
–ifdesc=name             # … uses Interface Name
–ifdesc=catname         # … uses CatOS Interface Name
–ifdesc=alias               # … uses Interface Alias
–ifdesc=type               # … uses Interface Type

# Global Option –
Refresh: 300                     # 更新網頁的時間，預設為300秒
Interval: 5                         # 多久時間 call mrtg一次，預設為5分鐘，且至少也要5分鐘
RunAsDaemon: Yes         # daemon mode
                                         # 當執行 /usr/bin/mrtg /etc/mrtg/mrtg.cfg後，以cfg檔中的
                                         # RunAsDaemon: Yes 與 Interval: 5 設定每五分鐘作背景運作
# Target Option –
RouterUptime[10.1.1.254_cpu]: cross@10.1.1.1      # 算出系統已運作多久時間，顯示於網頁上方
RouterName[10.1.1.254_cpu]:                                 # ? 測試中
MaxBytes[10.1.1.254_cpu]: 1250000                      # Bytes
MaxBytes1[10.1.1.254_cpu]:                                   # 與MaxBytes相同，此為變數1
MaxBytes2[10.1.1.254_cpu]:                                   # 與MaxBytes相同，此為變數2

PageFoot[10.1.1.254_cpu]: Contact <A href="mailto:cross@ssorc.tw">Cross</A>                                    # 顯示於網頁下方
BodyTag[10.1.1.254_cpu]: <BODY LEFTMARGIN="1" TOPMARGIN="1" BACKGROUND="picture.gif">     # 修改網頁<body>的部份

AbsMax[10.1.1.254_cpu]: 2500000    # 如果流量會超過MaxBytes所設定的值，必設定此絕對大值，否則超過的會被忽略
Unscaled[10.1.1.254_cpu]: dwmy       # 改垂直刻度，依據MaxBytes的值，d=day、w=week、m=month、y=year
WithPeak[10.1.1.254_cpu]: wmy        # 一般圖型只顯示平均值，此設定可於week、month、及year的圖顯示巔峰值，w=week、m=month、y=year

Directory[10.1.1.254_cpu]: 10.1.1.254_cpu  # 當WorkDir設定為/var/www/mrtg/cpu時，
                                                                       # 此設定會於這目錄下再產生一10.1.1.254_cpu名稱的目錄，將圖檔放在這
XSize[10.1.1.254_cpu]: 100
# 與
YSize[10.1.1.254_cpu]: 400                          # 圖型預設像素為100×400，此設定可更改顯示像素，XSize值介於20~600之間，YSize必須大於20

XZone[10.1.1.254_cpu]: 2.0
# 與
YZone[10.1.1.254_cpu]: 2.0                          # 將圖放大或縮小

XScale[10.1.1.254_cpu]: 1.5
# 與
YScale[10.1.1.254_cpu]: 1.5                         # 設定刻度

YTics[10.1.1.254_cpu]: 4                              # 預設YLegend[]:顯示只有四線，此設定可設定顯示多少線
# 與
YTicsFactor[10.1.1.254_cpu]: 1.0                 # 預設刻度為1，此設定線與線之間是多少刻度

PNGTitle[10.1.1.254_cpu]: wow                   # 於"圖中的上方"設定字串

Options[10.1.1.254_cpu]: growright, bits                         # 用在網路流量
# 或
Options[10.1.1.254_cpu]: growright, nopercent, gauge    # 用在 CPU 負載
 
                                         growright                                 # 將資料隨時間變化的順序以右而左繪圖
                                         bits                                           # 資料單位為 bits
                                         nopercent                                 # 在圖下方的說明文字中，不顯示百分比
                                         gauge                                       # 圖表的上限固定
                                         absolute                                    # 配合 gauge使用以純化所搜集到的資料

                                         integer                                      # 顯示整數，不要有小數點
                                         dorelpercent                             # 額外顯示計算IN流量to Out流量的相對百分比，當In流量大於 OUT流量
                                         avgpeak                                   # 平均值計算，以該統計圖所使用的時間單位為基本資料

                                         printrouter                                # 與PNGTitle[10.1.1.254_cpu]: wow呈現的地方一樣，但此設定是顯示10.1.1.254_cpu
                                         pngdate                                    # 與printrouter呈現的地方一樣，但顯示時間timestamp

Background[10.1.1.254_cpu]: #a0a0a0a                                                                                                    # 設定背景顏色
Colours[10.1.1.254_cpu]: GREEN#00eb0c,BLUE#1000ff,DARK GREEN#006600,VIOLET#ff00ff        # 改變 In與Out的地方的顏色

YLegend[]: Bits per Second                                     # 預設資訊
ShortLegend[]: b/s
Legend1[]: Incoming Traffic in Bits per Second
Legend2[]: Outgoing Traffic in Bits per Second
Legend3[]: Maximal 5 Minute Incoming Traffic
Legend4[]: Maximal 5 Minute Outgoing Traffic
LegendI[]: &nbsp;In:
LegendO[]: &nbsp;Out:

Timezone[]: Taiwan                                 # 區域時間
TimeStrPos[]: RU                                     # timestamp在那個角落顯示，RU=RightUpper、LU=LeftUpper、RL=RightLower、LL=LeftLower
TimeStrFmt[]: %Y-%m-%d %H:%M       # timestamp預設為%Y-%m-%d %H:%M的格式

ThreshDir: /var/mrtg/thresh
ThreshMinI[]: 80                                                                              # In的流量小於80，執行mrtgalert
ThreshMaxI[]: 800000                                                                     # In的流量大於800000，執行mrtgalert
ThreshDesc[]:                                                                                  # 指定mrtgalert的環境變數
ThreshProgI[]: /var/www/mrtg/thresh/scripts/mrtgalert                    # 執行script
ThreshProgOKI[]: ?                                                                         # 值尚不知怎麼設，只知這參數是base on ThreshMinI and ThreshMaxI
SetEnv[]: EMAIL="cross@ssorc.tw" HOST="ssorc.tw"     # 如果script不完全寫在mrtgalert，亦可定義在此

–user mrtg                               # unix 使用者
–group mrtg                            # unix 群組
–daemon                                 # 當背景模式，預設5min運作一次mrtg，
                                                # 可於cfg檔中設定Interval參數作幾時間後運作一次mrtg，
                                                # 如果不用–daemon參數，可用cfg檔中的RunAsDaemon參數

–pid-file=/var/run/mrtg.pid      # 如果不設定路徑，會與cfg檔同目錄產生pid檔
–logging /var/log/mrtg.log
–check                                     # 只作檢測cfg的設定正確與否，不作輸出的動作

 indexmaker參數