openssl 指令 command line

自產出 私密金鑰 (private key) 及 憑證 (crt) (365 天, 2048 bits)

openssl req -new -sha256 -x509 -keyout server.key -out server.crt -days 365 -newkey rsa:2048 -nodes -subj '/C=TW/ST=Taiwan/L=Taipei/CN=ssorc.tw/emailAddress=cross@ssorc.tw'

產出 私密金鑰 (private key) 及 憑證要求 (certificate signing request = csr)

openssl req -new -sha256 -keyout server.key -out server.csr -days 365 -newkey rsa:2048 -nodes -subj '/C=TW/ST=Taiwan/L=Taipei/CN=ssorc.tw/emailAddress=cross@ssorc.tw'

如果用繼有的 private key 產生憑證要求 (csr)

openssl req -new -key server.key -out server.csr

簽署 csr 產生 crt

openssl x509 -in server.csr -out server.crt -req -text -signkey server.key

用 CA 簽發

openssl ca -policy policy_anything -out server.crt -infiles server.csr

檢查 csr 與 private key

openssl req -in server.csr -noout -verify -key server.key

檢查憑證

openssl verify server.crt

查看 csr 內容

openssl req -in server.csr -noout -text

參數說明:

-noout : 不輸出 BEGIN CERTIFICATE REQUEST 字樣

查看 csr 內容並檢查

openssl req -in server.csr -noout -text -verify

查看 crt 內容

openssl x509 -in server.crt -text

其它查看參數 :

-issuer
-subject
-dates

# Create CA certificate

openssl genrsa 2048 > ca-key.pem
openssl req -new -sha256 -x509 -nodes -days 3600 -key ca-key.pem -out ca-cert.pem -subj '/C=TW/ST=Taiwan/L=Taipei/CN=ca.ssorc.tw/emailAddress=cross@ssorc.tw'

# Create server certificate, remove passphrase, and sign it
# server-cert.pem = public key, server-key.pem = private key

openssl req -sha256 -newkey rsa:2048 -days 3600 -nodes -keyout server-key.pem -out server-req.pem -subj '/C=TW/ST=Taiwan/L=Taipei/CN=server.ssorc.tw/emailAddress=cross@ssorc.tw'
openssl rsa -in server-key.pem -out server-key.pem
openssl x509 -sha256 -req -in server-req.pem -days 3600 -CA ca-cert.pem -CAkey ca-key.pem -set_serial 01 -out server-cert.pem

# Create client certificate, remove passphrase, and sign it
# client-cert.pem = public key, client-key.pem = private key

openssl req -sha256 -newkey rsa:2048 -days 3600 -nodes -keyout client-key.pem -out client-req.pem -subj '/C=TW/ST=Taiwan/L=Taipei/CN=client.ssorc.tw/emailAddress=cross@ssorc.tw'
openssl rsa -in client-key.pem -out client-key.pem
openssl x509 -sha256 -req -in client-req.pem -days 3600 -CA ca-cert.pem -CAkey ca-key.pem -set_serial 01 -out client-cert.pem

# verify them

openssl verify -CAfile ca-cert.pem server-cert.pem client-cert.pem

文件加密、解密

明文文件（plain text）  ：test.txt
密文文件（cipher text）：test.msg

文件加密

echo "this is a test file" > test.txt
openssl smime -encrypt -in test.txt -out test.msg server.crt

文件解密

openssl smime -decrypt -in test.msg -recip server.crt -inkey server.key

驗證簽章 (Verify Signature)

openssl smime -sign -inkey server.key -signer server.crt -in test.txt -out test.msg
openssl smime -verif -in test.msg -signer server.crt -out test2.txt -CAfile server.ca

測試 TLS

openssl s_client -CAfile server.ca -connect localhost:993
openssl s_client -connect localhost:25 -starttls smtp
openssl s_time -connect localhost:443

Benchmark

openssl speed
openssl speed rsa

參考

http://www.madboa.com/geek/openssl/
http://www.ascc.net/nl/91/1819/02.txt
http://www.study-area.org/tips/certs/certs.html